![]() 12 Upon investigation of EHV-1 genomes by PCR and sequencing, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was found in open reading frame (ORF) 30, encoding the catalytic subunit of the viral DNA polymerase, which is strongly predictive for the (in)ability of a virus strain to cause neurologic disease. Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy: a potentially emerging disease, 2007, ).Īlthough herpesviruses have co-evolved with their hosts 6 and, in general, have high genetic stability, 24 several genetic subgroups of EHV-1 circulate in the field. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA APHIS. 2, 4, 5, 13- 15, 21, 25 EHM has therefore been mentioned as a potentially emerging disease in horses by the U.S. 3, 9, 10, 18 Reports of EHM following EHV-1 infection have increased in Europe and North America. 1, 9 Although mild rhinopneumonitis has only a minor health impact, abortion and EHM are outcomes of EHV-1 infection that impair equine welfare and cause high economic losses in stud farms and in the entire horse industry. ![]() 10 Disease following EHV-1 infection can occur as an isolated case or as outbreaks affecting several horses in a stable. 9, 12 The virus is closely related to EHV-4, which causes infections predominantly of the upper respiratory tract. Further studies are required in order to elucidate the significance of infections with genotype A 2254 and G 2254 in neurologic and non-neurologic cases, respectively.Įquid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1 family Herpesviridae, genus Varicellovirus) causes respiratory disease, abortion, neonatal death or weakness, and neurologic disorders, also known as equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM), in horses worldwide. In some samples, results pointed towards coinfection with both genotypes. Results of our new assay confirmed previous findings, according to which the non-neuropathogenic genotype A 2254 is predominantly found in animals with fever, respiratory signs, and abortions or perinatal mortality, whereas the neuropathogenic genotype G 2254 is primarily detected in animals suffering from neurologic disease. The results showed that compared to rtPCR, the conventional PCR protocol combined with sequencing and REA was more reliable concerning unambiguous determination of the EHV-1 genotype. ![]() Thirty samples from horses with signs typical for EHV-1 infection were tested by rtPCR and our new conventional PCR. Given that a previously established real-time PCR (rtPCR) protocol yielded unsatisfactory results concerning determination of the EHV-1 genotype, we developed and evaluated a new conventional PCR protocol enabling identification of the genotype by sequencing and restriction enzyme analysis (REA). A single nucleotide polymorphism (A 2254→G 2254) in open reading frame (ORF) 30, encoding the catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase, has been shown to be a strong predictive marker for neuropathogenicity. All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALSĮquid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infections can have a major impact on the horse industry and equine welfare by causing abortion or respiratory or neurologic disease.
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